Goldwyn Pictures

Goldwyn Pictures Corporation
Founded:	November 19, 1916 (107 years ago)
Founder:	Samuel Goldwyn Edgar Selwyn Archibald Selwyn
Defunct:	April 17, 1924 (100 years ago)
Fate:	Merged with Metro Pictures Corporation and Louis B. Mayer Pictures to form Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Successors:	Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer
Location:	United States

Background

Goldwyn Pictures Corporation was founded on November 19, 1916 by Samuel Goldfish (born Schmuel Gelbfisz) in partnership with Broadway producers Edgar and Archibald Selwyn using an amalgamation of both surnames to create the name ("Selfish" was another option). Intrigued with the company's name, Goldfish had his name legally changed to "Samuel Goldwyn". In 1919, the company was purchased by Marcus Loew as a supplier of products for his theater chain.

In 1924, Goldwyn Pictures merged with Metro Pictures and Louis B. Mayer Pictures, forming Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

1st Logo (September 16, 1917-March 25, 1923)

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  Normal variant
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  Sepia version
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  End card
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  Chapter card
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Visuals: Over a black background is a circle made of ribbon-like filmstrips which have two filmstrips flowing out the bottom side, which looks like it's in twos. Underneath the circle is a Greek drama mask. A wreath surrounds it. The circle has the phrase "ARS GRATIA ARTIS" (Latin for "Art for Art's Sake") inscribed at the top, and the bottom is a marquee that reads "A GOLDWYN PICTURE". On the left side is the word "TRADE", and on the right is the word "MARK", with all of the aforementioned text being in serif. Inside the circle is a live-action footage of a lion (name Slats, nicknamed "Leo" by Samuel Goldwyn). The lion moves his head from left to right throughout and does not roar due to movies being silent at the time of the logo's creation.

Variants:

• At the end of The Ace of Hearts, there is a wood background, with the table, with the two masks above the two lions at the center, with the text above are the words "A GOLDWYN PICTURE". There is the title of the movie below the two lions "THE ACE OF HEARTS.". There is also a small mask at the bottom of the table.
• There is a sepia variant of the logo.

Trivia: The logo was designed by Howard Dietz, an advertising man and then-recent graduate of Columbia University, who would go on to hold many offices at MGM. This particular design, when used for MGM, became one of the most iconic in the film industry.

Closing Variant: On the left-bottom corner of the screen, there is the small Goldwyn Pictures print logo, which consists of a lion statue resting on top of a pedestal reading "GOLDWYN PICTURES". There is a lion on a pedestal at the left-bottom of the screen, the film's chapter name is written at the center.

Technique: Live-action footage of a live lion with an illustration composited over it. The end cards and chapter cards are still illustrations.

Audio: None or the opening theme of the film.

Availability: As with the first Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer logo, most films that have this logo either got destroyed in the 1965 MGM vault fire or were plastered by then-future Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer logos, with the same going for the other logos from the company. The only known surviving movies containing this logo are The Ace of Hearts and The Penalty, the latter of which has the logo at the end and is plastered on some prints with the MGM "Lion Marquee" endcap. It was stated that the first appearance of the logo is Polly of the Circus. However, the surviving prints of the aforementioned film do not have this logo.

2nd Logo (December 8, 1920)

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• 
• 
  Closing variant

Visuals: A still painting of a lion (name unknown) in a traditional-looking MGM logo, but the film ribbon and drama mask can barely be seen, possibly due to film deterioration. The words "TRADE" and "MARK" still appear on either side of the lion. Instead of the usual marquee, the words "A Goldwyn Picture" appear above the lion in Blackletter font.

Trivia: By 1953, MGM would carry a similar design concept into its logos.

Variant: At the end of What Happened to Rosa, there are the words "A GOLDWYN PICTURE." inside the black table with the flowers in the background above.

Technique: This is a still painting.

Audio: The film's opening fanfare.

Availability: The logo was resurfaced on What Happened to Rosa. It also appears early on in the 1993 documentary Ben-Hur: The Making of an Epic.

3rd Logo (March 27, 1923-January 20, 1924)

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• 
  Rare version of the logo, which appeared on 2011 CBS Sunday morning news broadcast.
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  Blue variant
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  Sepia variant

Visuals: Nearly the same as the first logo, but the ribboning and the marquee have been slightly redrawn, and a different lion appears in the circle. The logo begins with the lion (name unknown) staring to one side, then immediately skips after a second to the lion staring at the other side, then it skips to the lion looking down, turning his head, and looking at the camera with a slight snarl. After that, he roars a bit. After a second, it skips to the lion looking directly at the camera.

Variants:

• There is also a sepia-toned version.
• There is a blue-toned variant on Souls for Sale.
• A still image containing another version of this logo was spotted on a 2011 CBS Sunday morning news broadcast. Here, the logo is brighter due to film deterioration, and the lion's appearance is different as well. He also stares directly at the camera. This version of the logo is currently lost, possibly from the 1965 vault fire.

Technique: Live-action footage with an illustration composited over it. There are skips throughout the footage, likely due to deterioration or splicing.

Audio: None or the opening theme of the film.

Availability: The only known surviving movies containing this logo are Wild Oranges and Souls for Sale.

Final Note

In 1924, Goldwyn Pictures merged with Metro Pictures and Louis B. Mayer Pictures, forming Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Goldwyn Pictures

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